Fotos / Sons

Observador

someplant

Data

Março 16, 2024 07:05 PM EDT

Descrição

Magnification of photos: 400×, 400×, 400×, 400×, 400×, 600×, 600×
Habitat: filamentous green algae (mostly Mougeotia and Spirogyra) and some organic debris collected from a freshwater pond.
Photo taken with a Celestron PentaView Digital Microscope. According to their website, the FOV (i.e. the diagonal width) at 400× is 150 µm.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

someplant

Data

Março 16, 2024 07:26 PM EDT

Descrição

Magnification of photos: 400×, 600×, 600×, 400×, 600×
Habitat: filamentous green algae (mostly Mougeotia and Spirogyra) and some organic debris collected from a freshwater pond.
Photo taken with a Celestron PentaView Digital Microscope. According to their website, the FOV (i.e. the diagonal width) at 400× is 150 µm.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

someplant

Data

Março 18, 2024 01:32 PM EDT

Descrição

Magnification of photos: 100×, 200×, 200×, 200×, 400×, 400×
Habitat: filamentous green algae (mostly Mougeotia and Spirogyra) and some organic debris collected from a freshwater pond.
Photo taken with a Celestron PentaView Digital Microscope. According to their website, the FOV (i.e. the diagonal width) at 100× is 600 µm.

Fotos / Sons

What

Diatomáceas (Classe Bacillariophyceae)

Observador

demonishia

Data

Março 19, 2024 10:11 PM +10

Fotos / Sons

Observador

crseaquist

Data

Março 17, 2024 09:23 AM CDT

Descrição

Gathered dry leaves on 2024-02-23 and stored in water.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

crseaquist

Data

Março 17, 2024 09:41 AM CDT

Descrição

Gathered dry leaves on 2024-02-23 and stored in water.

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Observador

valve

Data

Março 18, 2024 06:42 PM AEDT

Fotos / Sons

What

Carófitas (Filo Charophyta)

Observador

swimjamie

Data

Março 20, 2024 03:48 PM GMT

Descrição

In sample from margin of turlough (winter lake)

Fotos / Sons

What

Carófitas (Filo Charophyta)

Observador

swimjamie

Data

Março 20, 2024 03:48 PM GMT

Descrição

In sample from margin of turlough (winter lake)

Fotos / Sons

Observador

wleurs

Data

Março 22, 2024 01:53 PM CET

Fotos / Sons

What

Ciliados (Filo Ciliophora)

Observador

sollar

Data

Março 21, 2024 07:26 PM EET

Lugar

Lietuva (Google, OSM)

Descrição

640x, seawater

Fotos / Sons

What

Vida (Vida)

Observador

manuel_helsinki

Data

Março 22, 2024

Descrição

From a wet moss sample growing on a tree in a yard.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

wleurs

Data

Março 23, 2024 09:23 AM CET

Fotos / Sons

Observador

wleurs

Data

Março 9, 2024 03:37 PM CET

Fotos / Sons

Observador

peptolab

Data

Março 22, 2024 12:02 PM EDT

Descrição

Trachelius ovum EHRENBERG, 1831 EHRENBERG, 1838 from the acidic freshwater kettle pond Chatfield's Hole. Imaged in Nomarski DIC on Olympus BH2S using SPlanapo 20 0.75 and Splanapo 40 0.95 objectives plus variable phone camera cropping on Samsung Galaxy S9+. The cells measure 240 um in length. The following discussions and several figures are adapted from Foissner et al (1995) (1).

According to EHRENBERG (1838), FOISSNER & FOISSNER (1988b) and KAHL (1931a), Trachelius ovum has several safe synonyms, which do not appear in the saprobiological literature: T. cicer SCHRANK- this older synonym was never used and should therefore be suppressed forever for reasons of stability, T. vorax EHRENBERG, Amphileptus rotundus MASKELL, Trachelius Leidyi FOULKE. The exact organization of this common ciliate was previously insufficiently known, although it was reported several times and has been processed using modern methods (DRAGESCO & DRAGESCO-KERNEIS 1986, FRYD VERSAVEL et al. 1975, SONG & WILBERT 1989). The representations are too schematized and incorrect in detail. We have therefore reworked T. ovum for the “Atlas”. This showed that the somatic and oral ciliation is very similar to that of Dileptus. Nevertheless, Trachelius is clearly demarcated from Dileptus namely by the ventro-lateral fossa, where the ciliation is slightly modified and the club-shaped mouth funnel, which consists of a thick layer of the finest fibrils.

Congener comparison: Trachelius subtilis PENARD, which has not yet been sufficiently confirmed, has only 12 contractile vacuoles and no suction cup. Dileptus species usually have a clearly pointed rear end and are always much slimmer. Paradileptus elephantinus lives predominantly in the pelagic of stagnant waters and has a rosary-shaped (moniliform) macronucleus. The characteristics are particularly important for identification are 2, 3, 4 .

Differential diagnosis
1) Size in vivo 200-600 x 75-350 um, usually 250-350 um long.
2) Shape sac-shaped to almost spherical, starving specimens clearly flattened on one side. Proboscis often only about 1/4-, rarely up to 1/2-length, usually curved dorsally. In well fed specimens it becomes a short, stalk-shaped extension. Ventro-laterally a small, difficult to recognize pit that serves as a suction cup.
3) Macronucleus dumbbell-shaped, often disintegrates into a few spherical parts in postconjugates. Several micronuclei.
4) Many small contractile vacuoles scattered throughout the cell. Plasma very strongly vacuolated, the strands form a coarse network.
5) Short, rod-shaped extrusomes in the proboscis along the ridge of the mouth. Cortex thick, with many ellipsoid granules.
6) About 80-120 longitudinal rows of cilia, some of which extend into the ventro-lateral fossa, where there are several specializations, which are explained in the figure legends. Brush 3-4 rows, on the dorsal side of the trunk, a row extending almost to the end of the body; only clearly visible after silver impregnation and in the scanning electron microscope.
7) Mouth entrance at the base of the proboscis, surrounded by many very delicate bars that form a club-shaped, thick-walled funnel. To the right of the circumoral row of eyelashes there is a longitudinal row of cilia, on the left there are many short oblique rows of perioral cilia; more precise structure of the oral cilia can only be recognized after silver impregnation.

  1. FOISSNER W., BERGER H., BLATTERER H. & KOHMANN F. (1995): Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems – Band IV: Gymnostomatea, Loxodes, Suctoria. – Informationsberichte des Bayer. Landesamtes für Wasserwirtschaft, 1: pp. 208-18

Fotos / Sons

Observador

wleurs

Data

Março 9, 2024 10:32 AM CET

Fotos / Sons

Observador

tiagolubiana

Data

Março 24, 2024 08:43 PM -03

Descrição

Fotos / Sons

Observador

bclarkston

Data

Março 19, 2024 12:28 PM PDT

Descrição

From Lake Louise, Bellingham.
From leaf litter in about 30cm of water at the lake's edge.

Under 400x magnification (compound light microscope).

Fotos / Sons

Data

Janeiro 23, 2022

Descrição

Not sure on ID. A little after the gif, the clear "string" came off and stopped moving, making me think Nematoda or a part of the microbe broke off. Found in freshwater creek.

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Observador

tmurray74

Data

Março 20, 2024 02:36 PM EDT

Fotos / Sons

What

Chapim-de-Cabeça-Preta (Poecile atricapillus)

Observador

jwalewski

Data

Março 21, 2024 04:43 PM CDT

Descrição

drinking sugar maple sap

Fotos / Sons

What

Borboleta-Paixão (Dione vanillae)

Observador

oridgen10

Data

Março 14, 2024 08:57 AM EDT

Fotos / Sons

Observador

vilseskog

Data

Agosto 15, 2021 09:33 PM EDT

Lugar

toms river (Google, OSM)

Descrição

From water sample in swamp with Nymphaea and Utricularia, oligotrophic/nutrient poor, New Jersey Pine Barrens. Microscopy in light and dark field.

Etiquetas

Fotos / Sons

Observador

bdstaylor

Data

Junho 18, 2023 09:14 AM EDT

Fotos / Sons

Observador

sollar

Data

Março 13, 2024 05:52 PM EET

Lugar

Lietuva (Google, OSM)

Descrição

640x, seawater

Fotos / Sons

Observador

valve

Data

Março 15, 2024 10:10 PM AEDT

Fotos / Sons

Observador

swimjamie

Data

Março 13, 2024 02:15 PM GMT

Descrição

Marine. Synedra? Found on red seaweed (Heterosiphonia plumosa)

Etiquetas

Fotos / Sons

Observador

wleurs

Data

Março 9, 2024 10:51 AM CET

Fotos / Sons

Observador

tomas_cedhagen

Data

Outubro 26, 1995

Descrição

The gastropod veliger larva Indothais javanica was collected in nature and found to carry a foraminiferan of the genus Pararotalia (Pararotalia cf. venusta). Only one individual was photographed, but this phenomenon was observed about 5 times.
Cedhagen, T. & Middelfart, P. 1998. Attachment to gastropod veliger shells - a possible mechanism of dispersal in benthic foraminiferans. Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication 18(1): 117-122.

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Observador

valve

Data

Março 15, 2024 10:19 PM AEDT

Fotos / Sons

What

Mixomicetos (Classe Myxomycetes)

Observador

crseaquist

Data

Março 10, 2024 10:49 AM CDT

Descrição

A large mature sporangium formed from a large plasmodium in a petri dish. The second image shows individual spores after they were moved to a slide. Last image possibly shows germination, the beginning of the emergence of a haploid amoeba.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

crseaquist

Data

Março 15, 2024 02:53 PM CDT

Descrição

Gathered dry leaves on 2024-02-23 and stored in water.
Two daughters emerging from a division cyst:

  1. Initial observation of cyst with another individual
  2. 2 minutes later
  3. 18 minutes later
  4. 77 minutes later
  5. 84 minutes later
  6. 140 minutes later
  7. 153 minutes later
  8. 154 minutes later 1st daughter emerges
  9. 155 minutes later
  10. 162 minutes later
  11. 163 minutes later 2nd daughter emerges
  12. 2nd daughter swims away

Video: https://youtu.be/vntikKDmSDE

Fotos / Sons

Observador

someplant

Data

Novembro 23, 2022 12:52 AM EST

Descrição

Magnification of photos: 600×, 600×, 600×, 600×
Habitat: muddy water at the edge of a pond. Associated plants: Typha sp., Verbena hastata. Collected by my friend on November 22, 2022.
Photo taken with a Celestron PentaView Digital Microscope. According to their website, the FOV at 600× is 100 µm.

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Observador

christineyoung

Data

Agosto 26, 2021 08:36 AM EDT

Fotos / Sons

Observador

zookanthos

Data

Dezembro 3, 2019

Descrição

There were many of these on my slide. They seemed to accumulate a lot of gunk on the outside of their posteriors, but they would shed it eventually. This is a mix of different individuals in the same sample, which I assume are all the same species.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

dgborin

Data

Março 2, 2024 08:48 PM CET

Descrição

Found inside moss fallen from a roof. Sample taken a couple of weeks ago.

Flat body, not too fast.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

crseaquist

Data

Março 2, 2024 06:44 AM CST

Descrição

Gathered dry leaves on 2024-02-23 and stored in water.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

golfopolikayakl

Data

Março 17, 2022 11:22 PM CET

Fotos / Sons

Observador

thierryfra

Data

Janeiro 25, 2024 09:47 AM CET

Descrição

Amphitetras antediluviana.
Thank's to @haperma, @pierrenoel et @roman_romanov .

Fotos / Sons

Observador

woodillj

Data

Julho 31, 2021 05:44 PM PDT

Descrição

  • from marine sample (sand and water), collected at shoreline
  • objective(s) (x 10): images 1-9, 1000x; image 10, 600x
  • approximate dimensions: see image 11
  • ID: ELPB-LGT40

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Observador

mlankford

Data

Março 3, 2024 08:58 PM PST

Descrição

Preserved in Lugol iodine solution

Fotos / Sons

Observador

dgborin

Data

Março 2, 2024 07:51 PM CET

Descrição

Found inside moss fallen from a roof. Sample taken a couple of weeks ago.

Fotos / Sons

What

Algas Verdes (Filo Chlorophyta)

Observador

manuel_helsinki

Data

Outubro 23, 2023

Descrição

In a sample of water from below the ice sheet of a frozen pond. The sample was kept warm and illuminated for four months before observation.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

geraldojpr

Data

Junho 24, 2020 12:54 PM -03

Fotos / Sons

Observador

peptolab

Data

Abril 19, 2023 05:30 PM EDT

Descrição

Cothurnia species found attached to filamentous algae at the shoreline of marine estuary Gardiner's Bay. Imaged in Nomarski DIC on Olympus BH2 using SPlan 40x objective plus variably phone cropping on Samsung Galaxy S9+. Lorica rotund and tapering basally, 47 um long x 30 um wide. Aperture wide, no neck. Aperture border without cleft or collar. External stalk short and slender with no striations; mesostyle short and broad with longitudinal striae; endostyle short without striations. Zooid cylindrical, 56 um long X 25um wide, extending up to one sixth of its length beyond aperture. Diameter of peristomial lip slightly greater than maximum body width. Macronucleus not well visualized but thought to be short sausage-shaped and lying longitudinally in anterior center of body. CV situated near center of infundibulum which is about one third zooid length. Habitat. Marine found attached to filamentous algae. I could find no matching species in Warren and Paynter 1991.

Cothurnia is a genus of freshwater and marine peritrichs in the family Vaginicolidae. It is characterised by living in a transparent tubular lorica. During the feeding or vegetative phase of its life cycle, Cothurnia attaches to submerged surfaces through a short stalk — mostly on the surfaces of fishes, crustaceans and aquatic plants. It is commonly studied for its epibiotic relationship with the host that it is attached to. The etymology of the genus name Cothurnia derives from the ancient Greek word κόθορνος (kóthornos), and from the Latin word cothurnus, meaning "buskin, or high boot". Cothurnia has been noted for its correlation with water quality (especially in water treatment plants). It has been observed a decrease in the prevalence of Cothurnia on prawns as the water quality deteriorates, making it a good indicator of the quality of water in the environment. Cothurnia is often confused with Vaginicola due to their similar morphologies. Vaginicola lacks a stalk and the zooid is attached directly to the lorica.

Cothurnia is mostly sessile, particularly when feeding or asexual reproduction. However, it can be motile when its habitat is disturbed or to search for a habitat with a higher abundance of food. Its mobile stage is called a telotroch and is often mouthless. The cilia of the organism are located on the peristomal disc of the zooid. When feeding, the zooid slowly extends out of its lorica and rhythmically beats its oral cilia to generate a vortex to draw its prey towards its peristomal lip. A typical species of Cothurnia forms a cylindrical lorica to protect the trumpet-shaped zooid. The lorica may be compressed or elongated along the longitudinal axis, resulting in oblate or prolate forms respectively, or it may be compressed along the transverse axis, resulting in dorso-ventrally compressed forms. The shape of these loricae have traditionally been used to distinguish between species, but since they can vary drastically in size and shape, there has been debates regarding the usefulness of the lorica shape as a taxonomic character. When disturbed, the zooid rapidly retracts into the lorica. There is no specific mechanism of aperture closing of the lorica. Towards the posterior end of the lorica, there is a short and slender endostyle that attaches the zooid to the septum of the lorica and a mesostyle that connects the endostyle to the base of the lorica. The scopula produces a short, non-contractile stalk that protrudes through an aperture at the aboral end of its lorica to affix the organism to surfaces. Some species possess smooth and featureless stalks, while others have transverse folds on the surface of their stalks. The stalk forms a basal disc to attach itself like a suction cup.

A revision of Cothurnia (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) and its morphological relatives. ALAN WARREN & JAN PAYNTER. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. Zool. 57(1): 17-59 Issued 30 May 1991

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Observador

davidfbird

Data

Janeiro 25, 2024 11:30 AM EST

Descrição

In a sample of neuston (accumulated foam on the surface of the stream). 66 microns wide.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

peptolab

Data

Fevereiro 3, 2024 09:54 AM EST

Descrição

The suctorian Metacineta mystacina from an ephemeral rainwater puddle on a neglected lawn. Imaged in Nomarski DIC on Olympus BH2S using SPlanapo 40 0.95 objective plus variable phone camera cropping on Samsung Galaxy S9+. This is likely M. mystecina var. brevipes with a very short stalk on the lorica (see below). Actually, Metacineta does not have a true stalk but rather a hollow narrowing extension of the main lorica.

The cell measures 38 um in diameter and the six-sided lorica measures 40 um in diameter. I could only obtain an apical view of the animal despite attemps to wrangle it into a side view by tapping on and moving the coverglass. Thus, I could not assess the presence of and morphology of a basal stalk by optical sectioning through the animal. The lorica is subdivided at the anterior or distal margin into six stellately-arranged acuminate, triangular, valve-like lobes through which the tentacles emerge. I considered a similar species, Solenophrya micraster (Metacineta micraster) whose lorica is attached by its lorica direct to the substratum without an intervening stalk but that species has a pentagonal not hexagonal lorica with 5 tentacles fascicles. There is an ovoid nacronucleus and a single contractile vacuole below the level of the macronucleus.

Differential diagnosis: Only the variety typica is characterized here; are the essential characteristics of the other varieties can be found in the Taxonomy chapter.
1) Shell of the adult sessile specimens 55-250 x 35-80 um. Ratio of length of the wide to the narrow lorica 1:3 to 2:1, usually about 1:1.
2) Cell shape roundish. At the apical end 6 bundles with 6-17 (usually 8-12) tentacles each. tentacle up to 150 um long), distal end spherical.
3) Lorica narrow to broad funnel-shaped and not flattened, with 6 triangular lobes almost at the front completely closed. Tentacles protrude from the radial gaps between the lobes. Width of the stalk, a stem-like narrowing halfway up is about 4-8 um.
4) Macronucleus spherical approximately in the center of the cell. 1 spherical micronucleus.
5) Contractile vacuole subapical .
6) Swarmers 60-70 x 25-35 um, approximately ellipsoid, with 17-28 rows of cilia.
7) Resting cyst in top view, lemon-shaped, with a strong stalk attached to the substrate.

To differentiate the varieties taxonomy. Metacineta micrasler (PENARD) has 5 shell gaps and is usually attached to the substrate without a stalk-like narrowing. In Metacineta macrocaulis (STOKES), the shell is open apically and has 8-9 ribs (no columns) and a relatively long and thin "stem" . Metacineta longipes (MERESCHKOVSKY) is >1000 um long. Metacineta cuspidata resembles the short-stemmed form brevipes can only be clearly distinguished by their long, winding tentacles. Acineta species have a highly compressed shell and only 2 bundles of tentacles. For identification are special Features 1, 3 are important.

Foisner et al write: The taxonomic status of the different forms of M. mystacina is not yet clear. We follow RIEDER (1985), who examined this group in great detail; he distinguishes 5 varieties, viz: typica (6 lorica columns, stem-like part of the housing (= Stylotheca) usually about as long as the width; brevipes (6 lorical slits, stylotheca very short; yoshii (8 lorica gaps, stylotheca short and noticeably thick; bilateralis (6 lorica columns, shell bilaterally symmetrical, stylotheca very short; and angularls (only 2 housing columns, housing bilaterally symmetrical, stylotheca short). MATTHES (1988) looks at the typical form only brevipes and bilateralls as varieties, the others he lists as species. In practice you will be comfortable
all forms mentioned are best referred to as M. mystacina s.l. describe.

Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems, Band IV: Gymnostomatea, Loxodes, Suctoria. January 1995
Publisher: Bayerisches Landesamt für Wasserwirtschaft. Wilhelm Foissner,Helmut Berger, Hubert Blatterer, F. Kohmann. pp 481-7.

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Observador

valve

Data

Fevereiro 25, 2024 02:34 PM AEDT

Fotos / Sons

Observador

peptolab

Data

Fevereiro 23, 2024 12:10 PM EST

Descrição

Cristigera cirrifera Kahl 1928 , a very interesting cyclidiid scuticociliate from a decomposing boiled wheat seed added to provide food for bacteria and hopefully generate a biofilm in my 2 week-old sample of the superficial intertdal benthos of a new sampling site, a small beach near the boat basin at Moneybogue Bay in Westhampton Beach on the south shore of Long Island. Imaged in Nomarski DIC on Olympus BH2S using Splan 100 0.90 objective with oiled condenser plus variable phone camera cropping on Samsung Galaxy S9+. Thanks to Genoveva Esteban, who has published extensively about this genus, for suggesting the diagnosis.

The cells measure 24 um in length and are barrel-shaped with an unciliated apical plate and a rounded posterior with a single long caudal cilium and a terminal contractile vacuole. The spherical macronucleus is at the anterior of the cell and there is an inconspicuous spherical micronucleus. The population is quite well-fed and the cytoplasm is filled with round refractile food vacuoles. The oral apparatus 1/2 body length. There are 3 very small adoral membranelles arranged one behind the other, right of which an L-shaped undulating membrane, the cilia of which are quite long and when resting the animal forms a striking sail. Movement jumping and sliding; during the often long breaks the cilia are spread apart and the undulating membrane is set up like a sail and food is swirled in. Importantly, we can see an obvious surface covering of long bacilliform ectosymbionts on the cells. Both C. cirrifera and C. vestita have such a bacterial covering but the longer cilia and jumping movement favors C. cirrifera.

From Kahl 1928: Cristigera cirrifera KAHL, 1928 Gr. 24-28 um. uniformly oval to ovoid, with clear depression to the image the half-body-length Mbr. The cirrus-like bristles detach pathologically easy in two (or three?) cilia; they brace themselves crookedly against the cover glass, so they probably serve the jumping movement. What is striking here, although easy to miss, is the constant enveloping the body with a gelatinous shell, which is always covered with coarse, pretty regularly lying baccili are covered; it comes loose when the ciliates die off after it swells (1).

"Cristigera cirrifera Kahl, 1928. This ciliate is probably the organism described by Kahl (1930-35) and also found in other anaerobic marine habitats by Fenchel & Finlay (1991). However, we have observed that the oral infraciliature is unlike the typical Cristigera type. and its somatic infraciliature is also reduced (Figs 22,g;26). Furthermore, the oral polykinetids are not arranged as one kinetosomal file as would be the case in Cristigera, but as three files. A variable number of kinetosomes (usually four) are located between oral polykinetids 1 and 2 (Fig. 26). The paroral membrane starts at the level of the middle of oral polykinetid 1, and has 30-35 zigzagged kinetosomes with an indentation in its course at the level of oral polykinetid 3. The scuticovestige is in two parts: at the end of the paroral mem brane and below the bend of the latter. The somatic kineties are interrupted, leaving a large kinetosome-free gap between the anterior and posterior half of the cell. The kineties in the anterior half each consist of 9- 10 paired kinetosomes, although a few small organisms (- 18 um) have fewer. In the posterior half, some kineties are missing. In Cristigera cimfera from Mariager Fjord, the number of paired kinetosomes per posterior kinety varies, from one to three (Fig. 26). Cristigera cirrifera was found exclusively in anoxic water, in the depth range 16-25m in Mariager Fjord, Denmark. A specific characteristic of this ciliate is the anterior-posterior depression bordered by the last two kineties on the left side (Fig. 26). Similar indentations, aIthough less evident, have been described in other Cristigera species. There is either one or two macronuclei, and one associated micronucleus. The ciliate has a single caudal cilium, and cilia in the posterior half of the cell are stiff when the ciliate stops swimming. The entire cell surface apart from the oral area is covered with ectobiotic rod-shaped bacteria. These bacteria vary in length from 5.7 to 7.6 um (2).

  1. Kahl, A., 1931. Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria) 2. Holotricha außer den im 1. Teil behandelten Prostomata. In: Dahl, F. (Ed.), Die Tierwelt Deutschlands 21. G. Fischer, Jena, pp. 181–398.
  2. Microbial diversity and activity in a Danish Fjord with anoxic deep water. Tom Fenchel, Catherine Bernard , Genoveva Esteban, Bland J. Finlay, Per Juel Hansen & Niels Iversen. OPHELIA 43 (1): 45-100 (September 1995).

Fotos / Sons

Observador

allisonbf

Data

Setembro 2, 2022 01:28 PM EDT

Fotos / Sons

What

Raposa (Vulpes vulpes)

Observador

davidfbird

Data

Abril 23, 2013 07:43 AM EDT

Descrição

Its eyes were so sad.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

zookanthos

Data

Maio 26, 2019 03:50 PM MDT

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Observador

crseaquist

Data

Dezembro 7, 2023 03:01 PM CST

Descrição

Water sample taken from the edge of a freshwater playa on 2023-12-07 using a turkey baster.

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Observador

benoit_segerer

Data

Fevereiro 23, 2024 01:05 PM CET

Fotos / Sons

Observador

mlankford

Data

Junho 5, 2023 03:52 PM PDT

Descrição

Preserved in Lugol iodine solution

Fotos / Sons

Observador

wleurs

Data

Fevereiro 25, 2024 01:15 PM CET

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What

Falcão-Do-Tanoeiro (Accipiter cooperii)

Observador

goats_berds

Fotos / Sons

Observador

vcharny

Data

Abril 9, 2023 01:11 PM CDT

Fotos / Sons

Data

Julho 23, 2023 07:26 PM MSK

Descrição

This is one of three related observations of ciliates: two Stentor and its parasites Sphaerophrya from one water sample. This is an observation of parasitic ciliates (at different stages).

A water sample was taken from the bank of the Vuoksi River. The sample was stored at room temperature and observed one day after collection.

Related Observations:
1st Stentor https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/195742375
2nd Stentor https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/195742590

Video: https://youtu.be/rWhk8K2WvFE

Fotos / Sons

Data

Agosto 27, 2023 12:10 PM MSK

Descrição

Video: https://youtu.be/9X78cstFh1c
Sampling location: The bark of a tree within the city limits.
Date and time of collection: 27 Aug 2023 at 10 AM
Date and time of observation: 27 Aug 2023 at 12 PM
The sample was stored at room temperature in a plastic container.

Fotos / Sons

Data

Abril 27, 2023 09:44 PM MSK

Descrição

A water sample was collected from the shore of Srednerogatsky Pond and stored at room temperature. After 4 days, the sample was observed.

Video: https://youtu.be/A1rgCTXBFD0

Fotos / Sons

Data

Julho 23, 2023 09:15 PM MSK

Descrição

A water sample was taken from the bank of the Vuoksi River. The sample was stored at room temperature and observed one day after collection.

Video: https://youtu.be/OchrDvoYpXo

Fotos / Sons

Data

Novembro 25, 2023 08:35 AM +05

Descrição

Video: https://youtu.be/OYakkMPRt60
Sampling location: The soil sample was collected from the bank of a pond on the Bagaryak River, near the water. The soil was wet but gradually dried out.
Date and time of collection: September 8, 2023
The sample was stored in a sealed glass container at room temperature.
On November 20, 2023, at 1 PM, a small amount of this soil was mixed with clean water.
Date and time of observation: November 25, 2023, at 8 AM

Fotos / Sons

Data

Outubro 31, 2023 11:32 AM MSK

Descrição

The sample was taken from the glass of a freshwater aquarium.

Fotos / Sons

Observador

peptolab

Data

Fevereiro 20, 2024 11:26 AM EST

Descrição

Trimyema minutum (Kahl 1931) Augustin, Foissner & Adam 1987 from a decomposing boiled wheat seed added to provide food for bacteria and hopefully generate a biofilm in my 2 week-old sample of the superficial intertdal benthos of a new sampling site, a small beach near the boat basin at Moneybogue Bay in Westhampton Beach on the south shore of Long Island. It is imaged in Nomarski DIC using Olympus BH2S under SPlan 100x oil objective with oiled condenser plus variable phone cropping on Samsung Galaxy S9+.

The pyriform-shaped cells measure 20-24 um in length with occasional forms up to 32 um. The rounded posterior differs from most species of Trimyema which are spindle-shaped or tapering posteriorly. The subapical pharynx opening has a beak-like appearance. We can clearly see the three anterior ciliary girdles (another distinguishing character-many species have more than 3) and the large central ovoid macronucleus with closely associated spherical macronucleus. There are numerous food vacuoles containing large bacillary forms.

"Trimyema minutum nov. comb. Sciadostoma minutum Kahl, 1931 Diagnosis. Freshwater and marine. About 20 um. Rounded posterior and a prominent beak-like pharynx opening. Ectoplasmatic ridge (keel) more pronounced than in T. compressa, extending from the beak-like pharynx opening over the back to the posterior. Cilia longer and more rigid than in T. compressa. OCCURRENCE AND ECOLOGY. This species was found together with T. compressa and was first considered as a modification, but once an abundant population occurred in a ditch contaminated with liquid manure (Kahl, l93l). Wenzel (1961) observed T. minuta in the sponge Halichondria panicea from the Gulf of Naples. Tucolesco (1962b) recorded it twice from old, mixed infusions of the para-marine Roumanian Lake Tekirghiol. Remarks:. Kahl (1931) doubted the species status of this form and did not mention it again in his publication of the year 1935. Further investigations are necessary" (1).

Li et al compared T. minutum to their Trimyema foissneri sp. nov.: "Trimyema minutum possesses a beak-like projection at the oral opening, which represents a unique feature among the genus. Besides, T. minutum has a broadly rounded (vs. slightly narrowed in the new species) posterior end and fewer (18 vs. 26–32) longitudinal somatic ciliary rows, but lacks cilia (vs. cilia loosely arranged) posterior to the ciliary girdles (Kahl 1931; Baumgartner et al. 2002)" (2).

Baumgartner et al redescribed the species and reported a "thermophilic strain of Trimyema minutum isolated from the hydrothermally heated sea floor at Vulcano Island (Italy) and cultivated monoxenically on Marinobacter sp. and Methanococcus thermolithotrophicus. It can be propagated strictly anaerobically and is sensitive to oxygen: if exposed to air at 48'C all cells die within 60 min. It grows from0.45--7.2%o (dv) salt and at pH 6.O-8.0. The isolate is the most extreme thermophilic ciliate which ever has been cultivated, exhibiting an optimal growth temperature of 48 'C" (3).

"Description of neotype population from Vulcano Island" All observations are from enrichment cultures as described. Size in vivo 20-30 X 12-20 um, on average 25 X 16 um; slightly shrunken in silver nitrate preparations. Shape (lateral outline) highly variable (broadly fusiform, semi circular, almost globular), usually ovoid with anterior end bluntly pointed and posterior broadly rounded. Cells often wrinkled by more or less distinct, irregular ridges and grooves and up to 2:11 flattened laterally. Macronucleus and micronucleus in middle third of ceII, globular; micronucleus usually attached to, rarely widely distant from macronucleus. Contractile vacuole subterminal on ventral side, does not contract; excretory pore not recognizable. Cytopyge in posterior pole center slightly dorsad of caudal cilium, recognizable only in silver preparations, where it ap pears as a short, thick silverline or as an irregular, granulated area. Mucocysts invisible in vivo, but occasionally very distinct in silver carbonate and silver nitrate preparations showing a similar or the same pattern as the silverlines, appear as heavily argyrophilic granules 1-2 X 0.5-1 um in size. Cytoplasm colorless, contains many lipid droplets 1-3 pm across and up to 6 um sized food vacuoles with globular and rod-shaped bacteria. Movement very conspicuous because never swimming like an ordinary ciliate but shivering on the spot and slowly creeping between organic debris. Somatic cilia 7-8um long in vivo, arranged in about 18 longitudinal rows forming three oblique girdles and a semicircular oral kinety. Ciliary girdles commence ventrolaterally on right anterior surface and extend to ventral posterior body fourth, describing an almost full turn (c 330 deg.). Oral apparatus subapically on ventral side, oral opening ovoidaI, oral cavity broadly obconical and deep approaching dorsal side of cell and thus appearing as highly characteristic, bright spot at middle magniflcation (200-600x). Right oral wall pocket-like projecting at posterior vertex in swirling specimens; left wall irregularly dentate, bears single, semicircular oral kinety composed of an average of 21 cilia producing conspicuous tuft, reminiscent of urotrichid oral flaps" (3).

Baumgartner, Stetter and Foissner wrote in their thorough redescription of T. minutum: "The original description of T. minutum is very brief, incomplete, and lacks type material (Kahl 1931). Thus, the species requires deposition of neotype slides in an acknowledged repository. We believe our specimens possess all the characteristics of this species mentioned by Kahl (1931), namely: (i) size about 20 um (20-30 um in our material); (ii) posterior end broadly rounded (as in most of our specimens); (iii) surface with distinct cortical ridges and a beak-like projection at the oral opening (ridges and furrows are common also in our specimens; the beak is probably the pocket-like projection of the oral vertex or the protruding ciliary tuft formed by the oral kinety); (iv) relatively long and stiff cilia (as in our specimens, which hardly swim like ordinary ciliates); and (v) three somatic ciliary girdles (as in our specimens). The only signiflcant difference is the habitat: KahI (1931) discovered T. minutum in a freshwater ditch polluted by liquid manure. However, Wenzel (1961) and Tucolesco (1961) recorded T. minutum from marine and brackish habitats, indicating that it is euryhaline" (3).

" Distribution. Trimyema minutum is possibly a rare species because it has been reported only thrice. However, the incidence might be higher because such small species are often overlooked or not identified in routine investigations. The habitats where it was retrieved were remarkably different: Kahl (1931) discovered T. minutum in a ditch contaminated with liquid manure. Wenzel (1961) observed it in the sponge Halichondria panicea from the Gulf of Naples, about 300 km from the site where we rediscovered it. Tucolesco (1961) recorded T. minutum twice from old, mixed infusions of the para-marine Roumanian Lake Tekirghol. This indicates that T. minutum can adapt to different environments. In the hydrothermal areas at the beach of Vulcano Island T. minutum is very common (data not shown). Possibly, thermophilic strains can be found in different heated environments but no studies have been carried out yet" (3).

  1. Revision of the genera Acineria, Trimyema and Trochiliopsis (Protozoa, Ciliophora). H. Augustin, W. Foissner & H. Adam Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool) 1987, 52(6): 191-224 (Trimyema pp 206-217).

  2. Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of three anaerobic plagiopyleans (Alveolata: Ciliophora), retrieved from two geographically distant localities in Asia and North America Ran Li, Wenbao Zhuang, Xiaochen Feng, Saleh A. Al-Farraj, Anna Schrecengost, Johana Rotterova, Roxanne A. Beinart, Xiaozhong Hu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 199, Issue 2, October 2023, Pages 493–510, https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad015



  3. Morphological, Small Subunit rRNA, and Physiological Characterization of Trimyema minutum (Kahl, L93L), an Anaerobic Ciliate from Submarine Hydrothermal Vents Growing from 28 to 52 deg C. MANUELA BAUIvIGARTNER, KARL O. STETTER and WILHELM FOISSNER. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol., 49(3),2002 pp. 227-238


  4. Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    peptolab

    Data

    Fevereiro 21, 2024 02:42 PM EST

    Descrição

    Plagiopyla ovata Kahl, 1931 from a decomposing boiled wheat seed added to provide food for bacteria and hopefully generate a biofilm in my 2 week-old sample of the superficial intertidal benthos of a new sampling site, a small beach near the boat basin at Moneybogue Bay in Westhampton Beach on the south shore of Long Island. It is imaged in Nomarski DIC using Olympus BH2S under SPlan 100 1.25 oil objective with oiled condenser plus variable phone cropping on Samsung Galaxy S9+.

    Several individuals are shown from this extremely well-fed population which range from 80 up to 96 um in length. The cell size and upward curving mid-region of the oral tube with the right side of upper oral lip slightly bulged forming a nose-like structure serve to distinguish the species from its closest congener P. frontata.

    "Body size in vivo about 50–85×33–48µm; length to width ratio about 1.5–2.0:1 in vivo and 1.4–1.9:1 in stained specimens. Body rigid, non-contractile, dorsoventrally flattened, obovate, anterior end widely rounded, posterior end more or less narrowed (Figs 3a, d and 4a–c). Single macronucleus, globular to ellipsoidal, centrally located, about 20–30×15–24µm in vivo and 17–29×12–24µm in stained specimens (Figs 3g and 4d, j). Single micronucleus, globular, about 5µm in diameter in vivo and 4µm in diameter after protargol impregnation, closely associated with macronucleus, i.e. located at edge of, or slightly enveloped by, macronucleus (Figs 3g and 4j). Extrusomes slightly curved, 4–8µm long, distributed uniformly in ectoplasm and randomly in endoplasm (Figs 3a, e and 4e); extruded extrusomes slender needle-like (Figs 3e and 4k). Single contractile vacuole located near posterior end of cell, with two distinct pores located behind dense ciliary rows, pores observable in both living and stained specimens (Figs 3a, b, i and 4d, e)" (1).

    "Striated band on dorsal side, starting at level of buccal cavity and extending anteriorly a short distance, then turning sharply backwards forming a loop about 7–10µm long, extending posteriorly parallel to somatic kineties, and terminating just below mid-body region (Figs 3b, i and 4f, i, o). Distance from anterior end of cell to beginning of striated band about 25% of cell length. In total, striated band about 34µm long, i.e. approximately half of cell length, consisting of numerous transverse ridges, each 2–3µm wide. Locomotion by swimming while rotating about main body axis, always spiralling to left" (1).

    "In total, 56–63 monokinetidal somatic kineties (30–37 on ventral side and 23–30 on dorsal side), kinetids of ventral kineties usually more densely packed than those of dorsal kineties (Figs 3h, i and 4n, o). One or two dense ciliary rows (DC) in posterior region of cell on dorsal side left of cytoproct, about 6–21µm long, composed of 13–22 kinetosomes (for individuals with two DCs, only the left one is counted) (Figs 3b, i and 4o). Somatic cilia 6–10µm long, uniformly and densely distributed on cell surface (Figs 3a, h, i and 4a, n, o). About ten caudal cilia located along left posterior margin of cell, 8–10µm long, straight and oriented in a different direction to somatic cilia (Fig. 3a). Silverlines in irregular-rectangular grid (Figs 3c and 4i)" (1).

    "Oral region formed by two lip-like structures, composed of dense oral kineties. Right side of upper oral lip slightly bulged forming a nose-like structure (Figs 3a and 4h). Slit-like buccal opening located at right-ventral side of cell (Figs 3a, h and 4a). Distance from anterior end of cell to beginning of buccal opening about 25% of cell length (Figs 3a and 4a–c). Tube-like buccal cavity about 85% of cell width, extending transversely to left and curving upwards in mid-region (Figs 3a, f and 4a–d, h). Distance from anterior end of cell to top of buccal cavity about 6–9µm. Oral ciliature more dense than somatic ciliature (Figs 3h and 4n). 53–61 oral kineties on cell surface and extending inwards (Figs 3f, g and 4m, n). Upper oral lip kineties 2–4µm long. Gap between upper oral lip kineties and somatic kineties about 2–3µm (Figs 3a, h and 4g, l, n)": (1).

    "The genus Plagiopyla includes nine marine species viz., Plagiopyla binucleata Agamaliev, 1978, Plagiopyla cucullio (Quennerstedt, 1867) Wallengren, 1918, P. frontata Kahl, 1931, Plagiopyla marina Gourret & Roeser, 1886, Plagiopyla minuta Powers, 1933, P. mystax (Lynch, 1930) Nitla et al., 2019, Plagiopyla nyctotherus Poljansky & Golikova, 1959, P. ovata Kahl, 1931, and Plagiopyla stenostoma Alekperov & Asadullayeva, 1996. Among these, P. minuta, P. nyctotherus, and P. mystax are endocommensals of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus, whereas other species are free-living. Most species of the genus Plagiopyla (including P. ovata) have a single ovoidal to ellipsoidal macronucleus and a single spherical micronucleus. However, two of the known marine species have different nuclear characteristics, i.e. two macronuclei in P. binucleata, and one vermiform macronucleus in P. stenostoma, and thus can be easily distinguished from their congeners" (1).

    "P. frontata differs from P. ovata in having a shorter frontal region section (region between anterior cell margin and upper oral lip) relative to the length of the cell (17% in P. frontata vs. 25% in P. ovata), a straight buccal cavity tube (vs. a buccal tube curving upwards in its mid-region in P. ovata), and the upper oral lip perpendicular to the buccal opening (vs. not perpendicular in P. ovata). P. marina differs from P. ovata in having a shorter frontal region relative to the length of the cell (17–20% in P. marina vs. 25% in P. ovata) and long ovoid (vs. ovate to obovate) body shape" (1). P. ovata is smaller than P. frontata. Nitla et al. 2019 emphasized the size range reported by Kahl of P. frontata versus P. ovata 113–174 um vs 73–79 um (2).

    1. Redescription and SSU rRNA gene-based phylogeny of an anaerobic ciliate, Plagiopyla ovata Kahl, 1931 (Ciliophora, Plagiopylea). Ran Li, Wenbao Zhuang, Congcong Wang, Hamed El-Serehy, Saleh A. Al-Farraj , Alan Warren and Xiaozhong Hu. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2021;71:004936 DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004936
    2. Critical revision of the family Plagiopylidae (Ciliophora: Plagiopylea), including the description of two novel species, Plagiopyla ramani and Plagiopyla narasimhamurtii, and redescription of Plagiopyla nasuta Stein, 1860 from India VENKATAMAHESH NITLA, VALENTINA SERRA, SERGEI I. FOKIN, LETIZIA MODEO, FRANCO VERNI, BHAGAVATULA VENKATA SANDEEP, CHAGANTI KALAVATI and GIULIO PETRONI. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2019, 186, 1–45.

    Fotos / Sons

    Data

    Dezembro 3, 2023 09:24 AM PST

    Descrição

    Video: https://youtu.be/KP-Gyq7vHiE
    Sampling location:
    The sand sample was collected from Santa Monica Beach, located on the coast of the North Pacific Ocean. The sand was almost dry at the time
    of collection.
    Date and time of collection: September 16, 2023 at 8 PM
    The sample was stored in a sealed glass container at room temperature.
    On November 9, 2023, at 10 AM, a small amount of this sand was mixed with
    saltwater prepared from distilled water and marine aquarium salt to achieve a salinity of approximately 30 g/kg. However, determining the precise salinity level is impossible without a salt meter.
    Date and time of observation: December 3, 2023, at 9 AM

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    valve

    Data

    Fevereiro 19, 2024 04:20 PM AEDT

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    paul_norwood

    Data

    Setembro 9, 2021 07:39 PM AKDT

    Descrição

    Cf. A. hemispherica

    Fotos / Sons

    What

    Puma (Puma concolor)

    Observador

    rholmes925

    Data

    Outubro 5, 2023 02:16 PM PDT

    Fotos / Sons

    What

    Tordo-Dos-Pântanos (Catharus ustulatus)

    Observador

    rholmes925

    Data

    Janeiro 2024

    Descrição

    swainsons's?

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    kdemers48

    Data

    Janeiro 31, 2024 03:05 PM EST

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    kdemers48

    Data

    Janeiro 1, 2023 02:09 PM EST

    Descrição

    Unfortunately I did not take a picture of the trunk to be able to see the bark, which my tree resources indicate may have helped differentiate between two species,
    C. bignonioides and C. specious.

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    valve

    Data

    Fevereiro 19, 2024 04:35 PM AEDT

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    cholmesphoto

    Data

    Março 2022

    Descrição

    This observation is for the reddish brown tubular fruiting bodies in the center bottom of the frame.

    Fotos / Sons

    Data

    Setembro 24, 2023 08:42 AM +05

    Descrição

    Sampling location: The soil sample was collected from the bank of a pond on the Bagaryak River, near the water. The soil was wet but gradually dried out.
    Date and time of collection: September 8, 2023
    The sample was stored in a sealed glass container at room temperature.
    On September 22, 2023, at 1 PM, a small amount of this soil was mixed with clean water.
    Date and time of observation: September 24, 2023, at 9 AM

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    peptolab

    Data

    Fevereiro 13, 2024 02:10 PM EST

    Descrição

    Metopus cf. laminarius from soil and rotting vegetation in an ephemeral rainwater pond on a neglected lawn. Imaged in Nomarski DIC on Olympus BH2S using SPlanapo 40 0.95 objective plus variable phone camera cropping on Samsung Galaxy S9+. Two individuals were encountered so far, the cells measure 90 and 100 um in length. This observation has all of the features of Metus laminarius or its smaller form "minor. My population is quite small at 90-100 um but shows the flattened twisted preoral dome, horseshoe-shaped macronucleus with single micronucleus, and the food vacuoles which contain very small numbers of pink rhodobacteria as seen in this species. The small size might be explained by Dr, Martin Kreutz who writes: " In my population I could find specimens with lengths between 170 – 320 µm. The body size seems to depend strongly on the number of food vacuoles in the body. Well fed specimens were larger. Therefore, in my opinion, the variety “minor” is not justified, since it is only a sign of nutritional status. As described by Kahl, the food vacuoles of Metopus laminarius are mainly filled with pink rhodobacteria". My individuals have verry few vacuoles with even fewer pink rhodobacteria thus their small size might be explained by starvation as mentioned by Dr. Kreutz. I even found a single rhodobacterium in the oral cavity possibly about to be ingested.

    From Kahl 1932: Metopus laminarius KAHL, 1927 (Fig. pp. 406, 16). One of the largest species, 200-260 um Shape cylindrical, slightly flat, often irregular, depending on the food
    contents sometimes wider at the front, sometimes wider at the back; mostly supported transversely at the back, with large contratractile vacuole, often extended forward, and very delicate elongated caudal cilia. Pellicle thick, slightly yellowish with bright, wide (4-5 um) delicate stripes; weakly rib-like; the granules of the intermediate stripes barely noticeable. Cilia dense, approx. 12 um long and tender. The adoral zone is short but very dense occupied with delicate and raised mebranelles. It starts wide at the left edge, fairly far from the front end and runs slanting down tapering to the second quarter, here there is a triangular membranelle. At the right side of the body in front of the azm is a thin, hyaline compressed preoral dome lying bent over the zone; while swimming but can be stretched forward in a screwed position. it stretches completely. This dome has on the right edge about three-row strong edge zone. The cytoplasm is transparent, finely granulated and always contains several violet food vacuoles containing rhodobacteria. Several Food vacuoles combine before defecation and migrate posteriorly pushing the contractile vacuole to the side, after the left posterior anus. Macronucleus is sausage-shaped, often rolled up. Very common in sapropelic pools, becoming frequent at times, a skilled rotating swimmer. Cells are very metabolic and burrow in detritus. Also noted by WETZEL near Leipzig. is a smaller, although extremely similar form (150 um) was developed later in larger numbers and consistently for a long time in more saprobic material observed; it may provisionally be referred to as M. laminarius f. minor.

    From Jankowski 1964: Metopus. laminarius is the largest species within Metopidae (nearly 230 x 70 um); animals are extremely elongated, with a somewhat rectangular posterior body end ocupied by large Cv. At first sight, this species resembles small animals of the genus Spirostomurn, differing in another shape of BC and the presence of purple-coloured ingesta. Trichocyst layer is absent. Cytoplasm is colourless, with scattered mineral crystals. Macronucleus is a sausage-shaped body, 50 x 17 um never ovoid or rounded; large refractile micronucleus adjoins to its concave surface. Near 20 kineties run along the body. The BC is a wide clear area near the anterior extremity; the anterior, but not posterior body part is dorsoventrally flattened . The left area of the BC contains a short series of adoral membranellcs that falls down, with a small incline, into the intrastomium; undulating membrane is short and clear. The undulating membrane and AZM are separated with a wide cilia-free zone, especially pronounced in the extrastomium. The PCS is prolonged but not spiraling or hoop-like in its shape; its left-side winding. Such buccal organization is not peculiar for Metopus and other related genera (Brachonella, Tesnospira, Palmarium and its relative Tropidoatractus); the BC of Metopus larninarius is very wide, with a large cilia-free zone; it resembles the BC of Palmarium in this respect. I consider best to leave M. laminarius within the genus Metopus untill it will be studied with a precise impregnation technique.

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    hunter_mw

    Data

    Fevereiro 6, 2024 05:02 PM EST

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    davidfbird

    Data

    Fevereiro 5, 2024 03:32 PM EST

    Descrição

    Colony of 32 cells, diameter 57 microns, cells 8-10 microns, flagella 17 to 26 microns. The cells were lenticular or triangular in longitudinal section, with the broad anterior attaching to the interior face of the colonial envelope, as noted by Nozaki and Kuroiwa (1992). Only one pyrenoid per cell. Contractile vacuoles and red stigma at the base of the flagella.

    Nozaki, H. & Kuroiwa, T. (1992). Ultrastructure of the extracellular matrix and taxonomy of Eudorina, Pleodorina and Yamagishiella gen. nov. (Volvocaceae, Chlorophyta). Phycologia 31: 529-541.

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    crseaquist

    Data

    Fevereiro 10, 2024 03:04 PM CST

    Descrição

    Water sample taken from the edge of a freshwater playa on 2024-01-28 using a turkey baster.

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    peptolab

    Data

    Fevereiro 11, 2024 05:05 PM EST

    Descrição

    Metopus hasei Sondheim, 1929 from soil and rotting vegetation in an ephemeral rainwater pond on a neglected lawn. Imaged in Nomarski DIC on Olympus BH2S using SPlanapo 40 0.95 objective plus variable phone camera cropping on Samsung Galaxy S9+. Two individuals were encountered, the cells measure 60 and 70 um in length. Thanks to Dr. Martin Kreutz for identifying this for me. My population appears more dorsoventrally flattened than other populations in (1 and 2), perhaps due to nutritional factors, but otherwise conforms to prior descriptions very well. The ecological data of prior populations also agrees with my finding of this species in an ephemeral rainwater lawn puddle.

    "Sondheim 1929 discovered M. hasei in rewetted mud from an unknown locality in Madagascar, and the population developed best in old infusions covered with a thick layer of Oscillatoria. Metopus hasei has since been found in terrestrial habitats from all main biogeographical regions except Antarctica; it has also been reliably recorded from the sapropel of a lake in Romania. In our experience, M. hasei is indicative for soils which are at least occasionally microaerobic or anaerobic. In the laboratory, usually it develops only in old cultures with microaerobic or anaerobic microsites" (1). Foissner 1981 points out that Sondheim's observation in soils contaminated by animal excrement and polluted domestic fresh water led him to speculate: "This species is therefore perhaps an indicator for nitrogen-rich soils" (2).

    The below description is excepted from Foissner and Agatha 1999 (1). Description. Size in vivo 70-90 X 17-24 um, occasionally up to 118 X 35 um. Overall shape cylindroidal, length:width ratio highly variable within and between populations both in vivo and protargol slides. Preoral dome only slightly sigmoidal, distinctly curved and inclined about 45” to main body axis, projecting knob-like above anterior left body margin; inconspicuous because without distinct brim, narrow, dorsoventrally flattened about 2:1, and hardly projecting above ventral surface merging smoothly into right side in middle third of cell. Postoral body portion cylindroidal with rear end slightly narrowed and evenly rounded, frequently with more or less distinct folds, especially after systole of contractile vacuole. Contractile vacuole in posterior end, with very short canal extending to argyrophilic cytopyge slit on posterior pole. Macronucleus typically in anterior body half left of adoral zone of membranelles, in vivo about 28-36 X 8-14 um, that is, short to long-ellipsoidal, ovoidal or reniform, length:width ratio usually about 2-4.5: 1; contains numerous nucleoli 0.6-1.5 pm across. Micronucleus usually near or attached to anterior third of macronucleus, globular to ellipsoidal, surrounded by distinct membrane in alpine population.

    Cortex flexible, slightly furrowed by ciliary rows, contains colourless granules difficult to recognize in vivo, densely arranged and 0.2- 0.7 pm across; tightly underneath cortex pale, ellipsoidal granules, possibly hydrogenosomes. Cytoplasm colourless, hyaline, especially in posterior body portion, bacterial rods, probably methanogens, impregnate with protargol and/or silver carbonate in some populations. Food vacuoles 4-14 pm across, contain bacteria. Movement moderately fast by rotation about main body axis. Normal somatic cilia 10 um long, those of perizonal stripe and underneath buccal vertex elongated to 13 pm. Invariably about four to six caudal cilia, length varies considerably in different populations; from 30 um up to body length. Number of ciliary rows rather variable, about 15 in type population and in Namibian and South African specimens only 10 in the alpine population from Austria. Ciliary rows slightly shortened posteriorly, leaving blank a small, roughly circular area containing the cytopyge.

    From Kahl 1935: Metopus hasei SONDHEIM,1929 (Fig. p. 414, 12a). Gr. 70-90 µm, rarely a little over 100µm, slenderly club-shaped widened posteriorly, in cross-section sometimes three-sided (with ventral keel, Verf.). Caudal bristles to body long. Striae wide, peristome typical, up to first third. Macronucleus oval to short rod-shaped. Posterior end sometimes strongly vacuolated.
    Frequently found in infusions on mud from Madagascar.

    1. FOISSNER W. & AGATHA S. (1999): Morphology and morphogenesis of Metopus hasei SONDHEIM, 1929 and M. inversus (JANKOWSKI, 1964) nov. comb. (Ciliophora, Metopida). – J. Eur. Microbiol., 46: 174–193
    2. FOISSNER W. (1981): Morphologie und Taxonomie einiger heterotricher und peritricher Ciliaten (Protozoa: Ciliophora) aus alpinen Böden. – Protistologica, 17: 29–43

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    crseaquist

    Data

    Janeiro 18, 2024 05:48 PM CST

    Descrição

    Water sample taken from the edge of a freshwater playa on 2023-12-30 using a turkey baster.

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    peptolab

    Data

    Fevereiro 10, 2024 05:33 PM EST

    Descrição

    Hexamita species consistent with H. inflata morphospecies from a malodorous biofilm that formed on a sample of the superficial intertdal benthos of a new sampling site, a small beach near the boat basin at Moneybogue Bay in Westhampton Beach on the south shore of Long Island. It is imaged in Nomarski DIC using Olympus BH2S under SPlan 100x oil objective with oiled condenser plus variable phone cropping on Samsung Galaxy S9+.

    The cells range from 8.8 rarely up to 12 um. I see two trailing flagella, perhaps more anteriorly, pretty sure this belongs to diplomonads, perhaps Hexamita inflata. Thanks to Alastair Simpson for confirming my morphospecies impression and to Ivan Ivan Čepičkafor confirming the genus and pointing out that this genus is highly polyphyletic and quite difficult. I've added some old illustrations from the literature.

    Hexamita (nelson] and inflata) is a zooflagellate protozoan that is a free-living saprophyte occurring in the vicinity of oyster beds. It can become a facultative parasite when environmental conditions are unfavorable or may become a secondary pathogen of oysters dying from other diseases. Hexamita is commonly found in low numbers within the intestinal tract of oysters with no associated pathology.

    Cells are roundish to ovoid and about 6 - 10 microns long. Several contractile vacuoles are seen. The posterior end of the cell may be pointed or rounded. Two nuclei are located anteriorly, and two longitudinal cytostomal tubes are visible below the equator of the cell and on the ventral side of the cell. There are two sets of 4 flagella (total eight flagella); two medium flagella are about 1.3 - 1.5 times the cell length, four short flagella are about the cell length. These flagella insert anterio-laterally into a small depression on the anterior part of the cell. Two long flagella emerge from the cytostomal tube and are about 2 times the length of the cell. The long flagella normally cross each other. The cells move by skidding or swimming.

    "The diplomonads (suborder Diplomonadida, family Hexamitidae) are a group of aerotolerant anaerobic flagellates, which possess a double set of cellular organelles. Amongst the diplomonad genera are Hexamita, Giardia and Spironucleus]. Species of Hexamita are mostly free-living organisms that reside in anaerobic water sediments whereas the other taxa are almost exclusively parasites, which commonly inhabit the intestinal tract of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish. Diplomonads are members of the super-group of protista defined by an asymmetric feeding groove excavated from one side and hence termed the “Excavata”. They are thus flagellated eukaryotes that are taxonomically related to the Parabasalids and Euglenozoa. Discussion still revolves about their ‘primitive status’, i.e., whether they are early-branching eukaryotes, or crown taxa. They are characterized by their possession of two haploid nuclei, each associated with four flagella. In Spironucleus spp. the paired nuclei taper anteriorly and are wrapped around each other at their apices, forming an S-shape when viewed in transverse section of the anterior end of the cell. In other diplomonads the exact shape and location of nuclei are diagnostic for genus" (1).

    1. Comparative biochemistry of Giardia, Hexamita and Spironucleus: Enigmatic diplomonads. David Lloyd, Catrin F. Williams. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology. Volume 197, Issues 1–2, October 2014, Pages 43-49

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    Observador

    trientalid

    Data

    Novembro 5, 2021 08:45 AM PDT

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    bdstaylor

    Data

    Agosto 14, 2023 10:35 AM EDT

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    bdstaylor

    Data

    Agosto 14, 2023 12:14 PM EDT

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    bdstaylor

    Data

    Agosto 13, 2023 10:59 AM EDT

    Descrição

    In saturated sphagnum.

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    bdstaylor

    Data

    Setembro 13, 2023 07:04 AM EDT

    Descrição

    A testate amoeba that builds its shell from "idiosomes" made of dissolved silicates. These idiosomes are produced within vesicles secreted by the Golgi apparatus of the cell. The amoeba was collected from a cattail marsh in the Mer Bleue Bog conservation area, and imaged in a scanning electron microscope at the Canadian Museum of Nature.

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    bdstaylor

    Data

    Setembro 24, 2023 11:43 AM EDT

    Descrição

    The species is not well differentiated from A. intermedia and A. hemisphaerica.

    The specimen was collected in the Mer Bleue Bog conservation area, air-dried on an adhesive disk and imaged in the scanning electron microscope at the Canadian Museum of Nature.

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    bdstaylor

    Data

    Setembro 24, 2023 04:24 PM EDT

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    bdstaylor

    Data

    Setembro 24, 2023 06:01 PM EDT

    Descrição

    A very common amoeba in samples from a brownwater lake attached to the Mer Bleue Bog. The specimen was air-dried on a tab of conductive carbon tape, and imaged in SEM at the Canadian Museum of Nature.

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    bdstaylor

    Data

    Setembro 13, 2023 05:24 PM EDT

    Descrição

    The shell of a large testate amoeba (~360 µm) from surface water in a cattail marsh in the Mer Bleue Bog conservation area. The shell was air-dried, then imaged in a scanning electron microscope at the Canadian Museum of Nature.

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    valentinabuono

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    valentinabuono

    Fotos / Sons

    Observador

    markuskrieger

    Data

    Fevereiro 3, 2024 03:00 PM CET

    Descrição

    Water sample from depression on lapwing protection area. Sample taken on February 3rd at 3 p.m. Transferred part of the sample into a Petri dish today, February 8th.
    The observed animal seems to have built a kind of protective shell that reminds me of caddis flies. You can see how it eats out in front and retreats when threatened.

    Wasserprobe aus Senke auf Kiebitz-Schutzfläche. Probe entnommen am 3. Februar um 15 Uhr. Einen Teil der Probe heute 8. Februar in eine Petrischale umgefüllt.
    Das beobachtete Tierchen scheint eine Art Schutzhülle gebaut zu haben, dass mich an Köcherfliegen erinnert. Es ist zu sehen wie es vorne raus frisst und sich bei Gefahr zurück zieht.

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    Observador

    oridgen10

    Data

    Dezembro 23, 2020 01:53 PM EST

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    valve

    Data

    Janeiro 28, 2024 02:13 PM AEDT

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    Observador

    mike40342

    Data

    Janeiro 7, 2024 07:32 PM CET

    Fotos / Sons

    What

    Diatomáceas (Classe Bacillariophyceae)

    Observador

    mlankford

    Data

    Junho 5, 2023 09:53 PM PDT

    Descrição

    Preserved in lugol iodine solution