Invasive Vincetoxicum/Dog strangling Vines in North America

There are two common and widespread species of Vincetoxicum in eastern North America. They have overlapping ranges, and are very difficult to distinguish without flowers, especially from photographs. I have collected some representative photos to make it easier to correctly identify them, and ...mais ↓

black swallow-wort 1
Vincetoxicum nigrum
European swallow-wort 2
Vincetoxicum rossicum
Swallow-wort 3
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria

Edited by Tyler Smith, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)

Photo Credits

  • 1. (c) Rob Curtis, alguns direitos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), uploaded by Rob Curtis
  • 2. (c) Tyler Smith, alguns direitos reservados (CC BY-NC)
  • 3. (c) Sarah Gregg, alguns direitos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA)